Fabrications grecques de l'humain: identités de l'homme civilisé et cultures des autres

Claude Calame



Abstract:

The heroic and poetic world of Homeric epic presupposes an anthropology that is an implied conception of the human race and of civilization. If the conception of man and of the human as humane that is underlying the Homeric poems is identifiable synchronically, the "Prometheus Bound" attributed to Aeschylus may gives us an idea of the development of mortal civilization in the form of the Titan's invention and the progressive use by men of different semiotic and interpretive techniques. In the age of the Sophists, the Greeks developed an integrated image of humanity part way between relativism and universality, largely influenced by their contacts and interactions with other cultures and other conceptions of man and civilization. The question was how to determine the distinctive character of 'the human' in spite of conspicuous cultural differences – a remarkably modern way of enquiring about man and culture.

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